Child Abuse and Neglect :: Violence Against Children

Child Abuse   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Help me!† This is the plea of many children in America. As you read this, one little girl is crying out in pain, one little boy is begging not to be touched anymore. Many children live through everyday being abused sexually, physically, and emotionally. â€Å"More than two million cases of neglect and physical abuse are reported annually. Studies have shown that most parents who abuse their children were once abused as a child† (Funk & Wagnall’s 121). According to the National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse, 185 children died from child abuse in 1996. There are a lot of ways to put an end to this; it just takes some work and time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all there are the children who are emotionally abused. The question is what is emotional abuse? Emotional abuse is when the child is hurt emotionally causing changes in behavior and low self-esteem. â€Å"For example, the parents may use extreme or bizarre forms of punishment, such as confinement of a child in a dark closet, and less severe acts, such as habitual scapegoating, belittling, or rejecting treatment† (NCCANCH). Children who suffer from this type of abuse grow up being called bad things and never really knowing what love is, take 10-year old Carla for example. She was both physically and emotionally abused. She was neglected; the only attention she got was bad attention. Her mother called her worthless and some of her mother’s boyfriends hit her. Childabuse.org was there for her and now Carla is doing much better (Bob Cooper). Emotional abuse, in my opinion, is a terrible type of abuse that a child could go through. Although it ma y not seem too harsh, it causes many social problems for the child. These social problems include, fear of meeting people, shyness, withdrawing from classmates, and an introverted personality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Secondly, there is physical abuse. Physical abuse is when the child has â€Å"physical injury as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, shaking or otherwise harming a child.

Philosophical concept Essay

The Coyote Ugly last 2000: Shy, aspiring songwriter Violet overcomes her stage fright, gets the man of her dreams and is offered a major recording contract after making drinks on top of a bar, clad basically in her skivvies. The movie Coyote Ugly inspire people about the striving of one person to fulfill her dream and overcoming all the hardship in life. The straggle of one person to overcome her fears with the help of people surrounding her in order to survive the big city. This movie symbolizes the growth of a person physically, emotionally, and socially. In this film the client will be immersed in a process of in-depth examination of the meaning and power of images. Images, in fact, are never neutral; their effect is that of conditioning the observer. It is vital, thus, to carry out an analysis of what an image actually is. Image based thinking will be considered both in relation to the creative process and to problem solving. The counseling will start with the philosophical concept of an idea as a mental representation. The symbolism of dreams should be evaluated in order to understand the close relationship between images and the unconscious. The psychoanalytical proposition that a film may be considered the film director’s dream will be closely scrutinized. The concept of Cinematherapy is rooted in the awareness that the film viewer is conditioned by his or her individual life experience, and this in turn makes the viewer’s perception highly unique. The viewer’s intimate interior world and life experiences condition perception of the film, and result in a highly subjective interpretation. This is due to the fact that the viewer assimilates only certain images and edits out others, all on the basis of unique individual experiences. The study of Cinematherapy will enable the viewer to understand the underlying causes of certain emotions experienced during a film, and will shed light on certain aspects of one’s own personality and on how others view the same situation. â€Å"Mining the gold† in movies means uncovering our hidden finest attributes by understanding how we project these virtues on film heroes and heroines. Identifying with a character can help us to develop inner strength as we recall forgotten inner resources and become aware of the right opportunity for those resources to be applied. Like dream work, cinema therapy allows us to gain awareness of our deeper layers of consciousness to help us move toward new perspectives or behavior as well as healing and integration of the total self. As observing helps us to â€Å"step back†, the bigger picture becomes more obvious. This way, watching screen movies helps us learn to understand ourselves and others more deeply in the â€Å"big movie† of our life. In identifying the presenting problems and goals for therapy the questions that are appropriate are by asking yourself, why would this client benefit from a cinematherapy intervention? What would this client get out of it? Can the intervention be tied back to the treatment plan? In assessing clients’ strengths such as interests, hobbies, activities, and type of employment the questions are What type of film would benefit this client: Standard movie, documentary, or instructional? What type of genre would they prefer: Comedy, drama, or science fiction? In determination of the clients’ ability to understand the content of the film and recognize similarities and differences between themselves and the characters the questions are Will the client understand how to use the film as metaphor for their own life? Do they have the mental capabilities to participate in processing the content? Do they recognize the difference between fantasy and reality? By taking into account issues of diversity when choosing a film the questions suitable is Will the film be offensive, or be distracting from the real purpose of the assignment? The therapist should always watch the movie before assigning it. This is so you can process the movie with the client, or know the significant parts to discuss later. Also, it saves time from apologizing for a scene that offended the client or his/her parents. Preparation is essential to cinematherapy. The therapist should provide clients with a rationale for assigning a film. REFERENCE Berg-Cross L. , Jennings, P. & Baruch, R . (1990). Cinematherapy: Theory and Application . In: Psychotherapy in Private Practice 8, no. 1, 135-157 Peske, Nancy and Beverly West (1999) Cinematherapy: The Girl’s Guide to Movies For Every Mood. New York: Dell Ulus, Fuat(2003) Movie Therapy, Moving Therapy! The Healing Power of Film Clips in Therapeutic Settings. New Bern: Trafford Publishing. Tyson, L. , Foster, L. , & Jones, C. (2000). The process of cinematherapy as a therapeutic intervention. Alabama Counseling Association Journal,26(1), 35-41

Molecular Geometry Introduction

Molecular geometry or molecular structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. It is important to be able to predict and understand the molecular structure of a molecule because many of the properties of a substance are determined by its geometry. Examples of these properties include polarity, magnetism, phase, color, and chemical reactivity. Molecular geometry may also be used to predict biological activity, to design drugs or decipher the function of a molecule. The Valence Shell, Bonding Pairs, and VSEPR Model The three-dimensional structure of a molecule is determined by its valence electrons, not its nucleus or the other electrons in the atoms. The outermost electrons of an atom are its valence electrons. The valence electrons are the electrons that are most often involved in forming bonds and making molecules. Pairs of electrons are shared between atoms in a molecule and hold the atoms together. These pairs are called bonding pairs. One way to predict the way electrons within atoms will repel each other is to apply the VSEPR (valence-shell electron-pair repulsion) model. VSEPR can be used to determine a molecules general geometry. Predicting Molecular Geometry Here is a chart that describes the usual geometry for molecules based on their bonding behavior. To use this key, first draw out the Lewis structure for a molecule. Count how many electron pairs are present, including both bonding pairs and lone pairs. Treat both double and triple bonds as if they were single electron pairs. A is used to represent the central atom. B indicates atoms surrounding A. E indicates the number of lone electron pairs. Bond angles are predicted in the following order: lone pair versus lone pair repulsion lone pair versus bonding pair repulsion bonding pair versus bonding pair repulsion Molecular Geometry  Example There are two electron pairs around the central atom in a molecule with linear molecular geometry, 2 bonding electron pairs and 0 lone pairs. The ideal bond angle is 180 °. Geometry Type # of Electron Pairs Ideal Bond Angle Examples linear AB2 2 180 BeCl2 trigonal planar AB3 3 120 BF3 tetrahedral AB4 4 109.5 CH4 trigonal bipyramidal AB5 5 90, 120 PCl5 octohedral AB6 6 90 SF6 bent AB2E 3 120 (119) SO2 trigonal pyramidal AB3E 4 109.5 (107.5) NH3 bent AB2E2 4 109.5 (104.5) H2O seesaw AB4E 5 180,120 (173.1,101.6) SF4 T-shape AB3E2 5 90,180 (87.5,180) ClF3 linear AB2E3 5 180 XeF2 square pyramidal AB5E 6 90 (84.8) BrF5 square planar AB4E2 6 90 XeF4 Isomers in Molecular Geometry Molecules with the same chemical formula may have atoms arranged differently. The molecules are called isomers. Isomers may have very different properties from each other. There are different types of isomers: Constitutional or structural isomers have the same formulas, but the atoms are not connected to each other the same water.Stereoisomers have the same formulas, with the atoms bonded in the same order, but groups of atoms rotate around a bond differently to yield chirality or handedness. Stereoisomers polarize light differently from each other. In biochemistry, they tend to display different biological activity. Experimental Determination of Molecular Geometry You can use Lewis structures to predict molecular geometry, but its best to verify these predictions experimentally. Several analytical methods can be used to image molecules and learn about their vibrational and rotational absorbance. Examples include x-ray crystallography, neutron diffraction, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and microwave spectroscopy. The best determination of a structure is made at low temperature because increasing the temperature gives the molecules more energy, which can lead to conformation changes. The molecular geometry of a substance may be different depending on whether the sample is a solid, liquid, gas, or part of a solution. Molecular Geometry Key Takeaways Molecular geometry describes the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule.Data that may be obtained from a molecules geometry includes the relative position of each atom, bond lengths, bond angles, and torsional angles.Predicting a molecules geometry makes it possible to predict its reactivity, color, phase of matter, polarity, biological activity, and magnetism.Molecular geometry may be predicted using VSEPR and Lewis structures and verified using spectroscopy and diffraction. References Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred (1999), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (6th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience, ISBN 0-471-19957-5.McMurry, John E. (1992), Organic Chemistry (3rd ed.), Belmont: Wadsworth, ISBN 0-534-16218-5.Miessler G.L. and Tarr D.A.  Inorganic Chemistry  (2nd ed., Prentice-Hall 1999), pp. 57-58.

Surgery A Plastic Surgery Procedure - 1165 Words

A Blepharoplasty is a plastic surgery procedure designed to address issues related to the eyelids. The type of eyelid surgery an individual undergoes depends on the issues that need to be addressed. The three Blepharoplasty procedures that Dr. John Michael Thomassen performs at his surgical suite in Fort Lauderdale, near Oakland Park, include: upper eyelid surgery, lower eyelid surgery as well as double eyelid surgery. What issues can Blepharoplasty address? Each eyelid surgery addresses problems related to the function and appearance of the eye. The issues that can be addressed with eyelid surgery include: Excess skin on the upper eyelids, which can interfere with an individual’s peripheral vision Drooping upper eyelids†¦show more content†¦While a double Blepharoplasty does not intend to completely eradicate this renowned characteristic, it is designed to open the eyes by reducing the slant and creating a crease in the upper eyelid: Thus, allowing the eyes to stand out. Who should consider eyelid surgery in Oakland Park? Individuals whose eyes make them look tired all the time, those who have sagging lower eyelids and/or are unable to completely open their eyes should consider a Blepharoplasty procedure with Dr. Thomassen at his surgery suite in Fort Lauderdale, near Oakland Park. The removal of excess tissue and fat from the upper eyelids, lower eyelids, or both can make an individual appear more alert, younger and improve his or her visual field. Who is a good candidate for eyelid surgery with plastic and reconstructive surgeon Dr. John Michael Thomassen at his surgery suite near Oakland Park? Individuals who: are in good health; do not smoke (or are willing to stop smoking for at least several weeks before and after their eyelid surgery); and understand what benefits can be achieved with a Blepharoplasty procedure. An initial consultation with Dr. John Michael Thomassen for eyelid surgery near Oakland Park During the initial consultation, patients should be prepared to discuss their medical history. This information should include current medications, medical conditions and past surgical procedures/treatments. Dr. Thomassen will want to know what the patientShow MoreRelatedEssay on History of Cosmetic Surgery1655 Words   |  7 PagesHistory of Cosmetic/Plastic Surgery COM150 Plastic surgery is a medical specialty dealing with on the correction or restoring of external damage to the body. The word plastic comes from the Greek plastikos meaning to mold or to shape (Answers, 2010). Cosmetic surgery involves techniques to enhance the appearance through surgical and medical techniques. I will also investigate the most popular surgery procedures of the last couple years. 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Is the rate of cosmetic surgery rising? Should cosmetic surgery be promoted? Plastic cosmetic surgery can be a last resort to fix a feature that is lacking whenRead MorePlastic Surgery1364 Words   |  6 PagesPlastikos â€Å"Despite the popular misconception, the word ‘plastic’ in ‘plastic surgery’ does not mean ‘artificial,’ but is derived from the ancient Greek word ‘plastikos,’ which means to mold or give form† (Schnur and Hait). What was once used to help reconstruct the faces and bodies of wounded soldiers is now used to aesthetically create new faces and bodies around the world. The motive for surgery is changing. Statistics show that plastic surgery is becoming increasingly more popular among men, women

The s Container / Contained Theory And Bowlby s...

Trauma is very complex and varied in its nature. Traumatic events include child abuse, neglect and maltreatment. Wamser†Nanney Vandenberg (2013) found that one of the more harmful types of trauma is the abuse is committed intentionally. This directly impacts the victim s safety and sense of trust. The devastating effects of this type of trauma is the way in which it impacts not only the survivors, but also future generations, and the ability they have to form attachments (Connolly, 2011). This report outlines the importance of Bion’s container/contained theory and Bowlby’s attachment theory in developing secure relationships. Sadly, abused infants form a disorganised attachment style which causes them as adults to adapt maladaptive parenting skills. This leads to intergenerational transmission of maltreatment. These parents tend to use fight, flight or freeze responses to cope with their traumatic past. However in saying that, if the abused parent has been able to develop a secure attachment with another individual, or access psychotherapy, the parent can learn healthy parenting behaviours, and is able to break the cycle of intergenerational transmission of trauma being passed on to future generations. When infants are born, they naturally form strong attachments to their primary caregivers (May, 2005). Bion s container/contained theory stipulates that when an infant is distressed, they project their negative feelings onto their caregiver, who contains theShow MoreRelatedHistory, Principles And Value Of Infant Observation2335 Words   |  10 Pagesoutline the history, principles and value in infant observation. I will then further examine my own experience of infant observation of four year old S. My observations of S had recurring themes of perfectionism, obsessive compulsive behaviours and avoidance. S was extremely shy and constantly sought teacher approval. By examining attachment theory, the emotions of shame and guilt, containment, the drive to know, mental pain and false-self, I was able to psychoanalysis S’s unconscious thoughts

Support Groups free essay sample

A first hand account of the authors attendance at two support groups Alcoholics Anonymous and Overeaters Anonymous. The paper explains the goings-on in the meetings of two support groups Alcoholics Anonymous and Overeaters Anonymous. The author of the paper attended both meetings and provides a discussion on the procedures of each one. He also compares the similarities and differences between the groups and discusses the people who attend these meetings. Again, personal vignette is the focal point of the meeting. Several people share their stories of compulsive overeating and in some cases members share with the group that they are bulimic. I suddenly become hyper-conscious that there are no cookies served here as there were in the AA meeting. My stomach growls and I hope nobody heard; eating is no longer a simple task to do without thinking. These people have turned to food as a way of coping with lifes problems; it is their drug of choice. We will write a custom essay sample on Support Groups or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As with the AA members, compulsive overeaters find immense solace in listening to the stories of others and sharing their own. In finding that they are not alone, the members can unburden themselves, release their shame. I come to the conclusion that these self-help groups, fueled by the caring and concern of perfect strangers, are probably more helpful than psychotherapy.

The curious incident of a dog in the nighttime Essay Example

The curious incident of a dog in the nighttime Essay Everyone has probably wondered once In their Lifetime about how life would have been with a disorder. Through this novel in the head of an autistic boy lives a child trying to express his emotions. The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time by Mark Haddam. Mark, the author of this astonishing novel describes how different life is like in an autistic childs mind. This novel is written in a way that normal novels are not. There are diagrams, footnotes and metaphors these elements show the reader how Christopher struggles with autism. Firstly, every author has Its specific style of approach to the audience, the way Mark has added diagrams in this novel to make it look like this is the way autistic kids write or describe it is very unusual. While explaining the Journey of Christopher life, diagrams are something he uses daily. First of all I made a plan of our street Like this(35). Len this diagram it shows a birds eye view of Christopher street. It states that Christopher uses diagrams to help him out on whatever he Is doing. So In this case Christopher Is going to go out and Investigate. We will write a custom essay sample on The curious incident of a dog in the nighttime specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The curious incident of a dog in the nighttime specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The curious incident of a dog in the nighttime specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer So to help himself out, he drew a map of his street. Autism can be serious for some people but they have their ways in helping themselves succeed. Such as Christopher uses diagrams. Novels usually explain their plans in a written description whereas in this novel or maybe in an autistic mind it shows illustrations which makes it unusual. Also, a picture says a thousand words the author uses these diagrams/pleasures which clearly shows a message of the situation. And then I realized that there was nothing And I made a picture of It In my head Like 30). In this diagram It shows a mind map of what choices Christopher has to decide which place would be the safest for him. Most books have words and words and it gets boring, tiring and monotonous. The way Mark Haddam uses diagrams is interesting and no other novel uses this idea. It clearly explains the thinking and the struggle of life for the character. Secondly, each and every novel explains points or elaborates on them, Mark chose to do the same but with footnotes which makes It unusual. A. Not talking to people for a long title. Once I did not talk to anyone for five weeks(46). Novels are written in a way that makes things easier for the audience to read. In this novel Christopher likes to make everything detailed. He states points by elaborating on them more. This is probably because Christopher thinks that everyone notices details as well. He comes and states the points and adds a footnote so it is easier for the audience to understand. Also, the way the author, Mark Haddam write s about how an autistic person connote make a Judgment or decide on a simple situation, Is also unusual. People say that you have to tell the truth. But they do not mean this because you are not allowed to tell an old man that they are A normal or an non-autistic person will understand how to deal or what to do when they come in contact with an older person. If anyone comes into to contact and start a conversation with an older person and they state that l have become old no one would agree with them, but say no, you are still young. Mark has now come to a point In the novel where he be said because of autism. Thirdly, although Christopher does not seem to understand metaphors they are still seen throughout the book. A metaphor is a direct comparison without using like or as. We had a real pig of the day think it should be called a lie because a pig is not like a day(1 5). Mark Haddam uses metaphors in this novel but because Christopher is autistic he cannot understand the meaning of them like normal people do. Christopher thinks that a metaphors are lies and that they can never be true. This shows that the author, Mark the autistic minds of preserving metaphors. Marks writing explains about how Christopher takes metaphors as what it is. By imagining n actual apple in someones eyes. Whereas, for non-autistic people they would think it as you are special. Another reason that makes this novel unusual with the use of metaphors was Christopher did not like his name. My name is a metaphor, it means carrying Christ It was the name given to SST. Christopher because he carried Jesus Christ across a river But I do not want my name to mean a story(16). Mark has a very unusual way to describe the name given to Christopher. Due to autism Christopher does not understand that the story behind naming Christopher, Christopher which was actually nice and a proud feeling that you get named after such a good deed. Christopher takes metaphors the way they are meaning what was his name before he carried Jesus Christ? Basically, the way an autistic mind takes things are not the correct meaning. Therefore, while reading and discovering how an autistic mind works, Mark Haddam has written this novel in an interesting way yet unusual. Such as when he uses diagrams, footnotes and metaphors. Using diagrams, footnotes and metaphors s an interesting way Mark Haddam has shown the audience how an autistic child sees the world. Christopher uses diagrams as a navigator throughout his life. He likes to make everything detailed so its easier for the audience to understand his mind by using footnotes. And not knowing the real meaning of what a metaphor really means is not in the hands of an autistic child. The Curious Incident OF the Dog In The Night- Time by Mark Haddam illuminates a core of suffering through the narrowly focused novel in sights of a boy who has no words to describe emotional pain.